Fromdaddynews.com |  News & Article Blogging | Guest Blogging Site
No Result
View All Result
Tuesday, January 31, 2023
  • Business
  • Tech
  • Education
  • Finance
  • Automotive
  • Digital Marketing
  • More Categories…..
    • Entertainment
    • Food & Drink
    • General
  • Write For Us
Fromdaddynews.com |  News & Article Blogging | Guest Blogging Site
  • Business
  • Tech
  • Education
  • Finance
  • Automotive
  • Digital Marketing
  • More Categories…..
    • Entertainment
    • Food & Drink
    • General
  • Write For Us
No Result
View All Result
Fromdaddynews.com |  News & Article Blogging | Guest Blogging Site
No Result
View All Result

Phenol

fromdaddynews by fromdaddynews
May 23, 2022
in Education
0
Home Education
2
SHARES
27
VIEWS
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Phenol is often referred to as carbolic acid, and phenolic acid is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. In it, a phenyl group ( -C6H5) is bonded with the hydroxyl group (OH) by a covalent bond. It is acidic in nature and can cause skin burns.

Physical Properties of Phenol

Phenol is a colourless white crystalline solid. Due to the acidic characteristics of phenols, it is often referred to as carbolic acid and phenolic acid. It is a volatile liquid and catches fire quickly. Due to the formation of hydrogen bonding, it is soluble in water. 

Name of the compoundPhenol
Molecular FormulaC6H6O
Structure9fTOBALRzikHN03CD4CIaXTaxgbktKDrRs
Molecular Weight/Molar Mass94.11 gmol -1
Density1.07 gcm -3
Melting Point40.5 °C
Boiling Point181.7 °C

Nomenclature of Phenol

Phenol is an organic compound with a hydroxyl (OH) substituent attached to the phenyl group ( -C6H5). We can classify phenols into three groups based on the number of hydroxyl groups attached to the benzene ring.

1. Monohydric phenol: Monohydric phenol consists of one hydroxyl group. Example: Phenol (C6H5OH).

2. Dihydric phenol: Dihydric phenol consists of two hydroxyl groups. Example: Quinol [C6H4(OH)2].

3. Trihydric phenol: Trihydric phenol consists of three hydroxyl groups. Example: Pyrogallol [C6H3(OH)3].

Synthesis of Phenol

1. Oxidation of benzene and toluene: Benzene and toluene oxidised to form phenol.

C6H6 + O → C6H5OH

C6H5CH3 + 2 O2 → C6H5OH + CO2 + H2O

2. Hydrolysis of benzene sulfonic acid: Benzene sulfonic acid hydrolysed to form phenol. Bayer and Monsanto discovered it.

C6H5SO3H + 2 NaOH → C6H5OH + Na2SO3 + H2O

3. Hydrolysis of chlorobenzene: Chlorobenzene in the presence of an alkali or steam hydrolyse to form phenol.

When the reaction proceeds in the presence of an alkali, it is known as Dow’s process.

C6H5Cl + NaOH → C6H5OH + NaCl

When the reaction proceeds in the presence of steam, it is known as the Raschig Hooker process.

C6H5Cl + H2O → C6H5OH + HCl

Chemical Properties of Phenol

1. Reaction with a base: Phenols are acidic in nature. They react with a base to give a neutralisation reaction to form salt and water. 

C6H5OH + NaOH → C6H5Na + H2O

2. Schotten–Baumann reaction: Phenol reacts with an acyl chloride in the presence of a mild alkali to form phenyl benzoate.

C6H5COCl + C6H5OH → C6H5COOC6H5 + HCl

3. Reduction with zinc dust: Phenol gets reduced to benzene when treated with zinc dust at 400 °C.

C6H5OH + Zn → C6H6 + ZnO

Applications of Phenol

Phenol is a universal precursor to an extensive array of drugs. Phenols are used in nylon production and are used as an antiseptic. Phenol is used to preserve vaccines and is used in oral analgesics. It is also used in plastic synthesis and synthesising detergents and carbonates. Derivatives of phenols are used in the cosmetic industry. It is one of the components of the extraction technique used in molecular biology to synthesise nucleic acid. We can also extract DNA and RNA from the body by using phenol.

Phenol is affordable and is used as one of the components of the industrial paint strippers. It is also used in the aviation industry to remove polyurethane, epoxy and other chemical coatings.

Cyclohexanone synthesis from phenol is used as a precursor to synthesise nylon. 

fromdaddynews

fromdaddynews

Please login to join discussion
  • Trending
  • Comments
  • Latest
Gofilms4u

Gofilms4u.pro gofilms4u :-2022, Watch Free Online Movies « Gofilms4u. gofilms4u-Watch Bollywood Hindi Movies Online,gofilms4u Bollywood,gofilms4u app,gofilms4u

August 17, 2022
hdhub4u

HDHub4u :-2022 | Best Download All BollyWood & HollyWood HD Movies

August 17, 2022
MkvMoviesPoint

MkvMoviesPoint Movies Download, Free 300MB Dual Audio Bollywood, Hollywood Movies Download HD Movies:-2022

August 17, 2022
8xmovies

8xmovies:- 2022 Download New Movies free 8x movie |Is 8xmovies 9xmovies website legal or smuggled?

August 17, 2022
Udyam Registration

MSME Registration’s Small Business Benefits for Indian Entrepreneurs

1
Plants

The best Medicinal Plants across world

0
Food Trucks Every Delhiite should Try. Food Trucks in Delhi/NCR

Food Trucks Every Delhiite should Try. Food Trucks in Delhi/NCR

0
what is Nidhi Company?

what is Nidhi Company?

0
What is an Altium PCB Design Course?

What is an Altium PCB Design Course?

October 25, 2022
Great Selfie

How to Take a Great Selfie

October 11, 2022
WPC16

WPC16 Dashboard Login :2022 How to Login into WPC 16 Live 

October 10, 2022
Animixplay Apk

Animixplay Apk v1.3 | Download Latest App [ Android TV + Android Mobile

September 29, 2022
Fromdaddynews.com |  News & Article Blogging | Guest Blogging Site

Copyright © 2021 Fromdaddynews.com All rights reserved.

Navigate Site

  • Disclaimer
  • Privacy Policy
  • Write For Us
  • caleb@forbesmoz.com

Follow Us

No Result
View All Result
  • Business
  • Tech
  • Education
  • Finance
  • Automotive
  • Digital Marketing
  • More Categories…..
    • Entertainment
    • Food & Drink
    • General
  • Write For Us

Copyright © 2021 Fromdaddynews.com All rights reserved.

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Fill the forms bellow to register

All fields are required. Log In

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In